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Network review fixes: confine mirror paths, bound rewrites, charge partial downloads

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Mirror refuses local paths with ., .. or empty segments (decoded %2e%2e
could climb out of the mirror folder) and checks names stay under it;
dedupes found links and skips a page whose rewritten links would pass
four times the rewrite limit; charges bytes received before a failure to
the budget. add URL falls back to the host name for . and .. names.
Staged downloads are unlinked at creation on Unix and stored from the
open handle. Rewritten links are percent-escaped (./ before a colon), a
<base href> always points at the page itself, userinfo and proxy values
stay out of messages, ureq I/O errors are lower-cased, CGI detection
needs a non-empty REQUEST_METHOD and ::ffff:127.0.0.1 is loopback.

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Andy Dixon
2026-10-08 12:16:50 +01:00
co-authored by Claude
parent 53626a7de7
commit 25f50ed73b
3 changed files with 274 additions and 64 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files
src/net/mod.rs
+145 -54
View File
@@ -25,9 +25,11 @@
//! | HTML/CSS held to rewrite | — | 16 MiB per page |
//!
//! Downloads that are not rewritten are streamed to a private (0600)
//! temporary file, because the vault needs a file's size before storing
//! it; that file holds plaintext until it is removed, on every path, once
//! stored. HTML and CSS for rewriting are held in memory instead.
//! temporary file in the temp directory, because the vault needs a file's
//! size before storing it. On Unix the file is unlinked as soon as it is
//! created, so its plaintext disappears with the process however it ends;
//! elsewhere it is removed on every normal path. HTML and CSS for
//! rewriting are held in memory instead.
pub mod html;
pub mod url;
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ use crate::error::{Error, Result};
use crate::store::{Catalogue, FILE_LIMIT, Store, VaultName};
use crate::util::Instant;
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
use std::io::{Read, Write};
use std::io::{Read, Seek, Write};
use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::time::Duration;
pub use url::Url;
@@ -129,7 +131,8 @@ impl Client {
fn agent(&mut self, proxy: Option<String>) -> std::result::Result<&ureq::Agent, String> {
if !self.agents.contains_key(&proxy) {
let p = match &proxy {
Some(p) => Some(ureq::Proxy::new(p).map_err(|e| format!("invalid proxy {p:?}: {e}"))?),
// The value may hold credentials: never echo it.
Some(p) => Some(ureq::Proxy::new(p).map_err(|_| "invalid proxy setting in the environment".to_string())?),
None => None,
};
let tls = ureq::tls::TlsConfig::builder()
@@ -160,7 +163,7 @@ impl Client {
return Err(format!("unsupported protocol scheme {:?}", cur.scheme));
}
let agent = self.agent(proxy_for(&cur))?;
let resp = agent.get(cur.to_string()).call().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
let resp = agent.get(cur.to_string()).call().map_err(ureq_reason)?;
let code = resp.status().as_u16();
let location = resp.headers().get("location").and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok()).map(str::to_string);
match (code, location) {
@@ -170,7 +173,7 @@ impl Client {
}
cur = cur.join(&loc).map_err(|e| format!("bad redirect location {loc:?}: {e}"))?;
if host.is_some_and(|h| cur.host.to_lowercase() != h) {
return Err(format!("redirected to another host: {cur}"));
return Err(format!("redirected to another host: {}", cur.redacted()));
}
}
_ => return Ok((cur, resp)),
@@ -180,6 +183,18 @@ impl Client {
}
}
/// A ureq error as a lower-case diagnostic.
fn ureq_reason(e: ureq::Error) -> String {
match e {
ureq::Error::Io(io) => crate::util::io_reason(&io),
e => {
let s = e.to_string();
let mut c = s.chars();
c.next().map_or(s.clone(), |f| f.to_lowercase().chain(c).collect())
}
}
}
fn status_error(resp: &Response) -> Option<String> {
let s = resp.status();
(s.as_u16() != 200).then(|| {
@@ -189,28 +204,32 @@ fn status_error(resp: &Response) -> Option<String> {
})
}
/// Copies at most `budget` decoded body bytes to `dst`; returns the count.
fn copy_body(resp: &mut Response, dst: &mut dyn Write, budget: u64) -> std::result::Result<u64, FetchError> {
/// Copies at most `budget` decoded body bytes to `dst`. Returns the bytes
/// received, which count against budgets even when the copy fails.
fn copy_body(resp: &mut Response, dst: &mut dyn Write, budget: u64) -> (u64, std::result::Result<(), FetchError>) {
let mut r = resp.body_mut().with_config().limit(u64::MAX).reader();
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 64 << 10];
let mut n = 0u64;
loop {
let k = match r.read(&mut buf) {
Ok(0) => return Ok(n),
Ok(0) => return (n, Ok(())),
Ok(k) => k,
Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::Interrupted => continue,
Err(e) => return Err(FetchError::Other(crate::util::io_reason(&e))),
Err(e) => return (n, Err(FetchError::Other(crate::util::io_reason(&e)))),
};
n += k as u64;
if n > budget {
return Err(FetchError::Budget(budget));
return (n, Err(FetchError::Budget(budget)));
}
if let Err(e) = dst.write_all(&buf[..k]) {
return (n, Err(FetchError::Other(crate::util::io_reason(&e))));
}
dst.write_all(&buf[..k])
.map_err(|e| FetchError::Other(crate::util::io_reason(&e)))?;
}
}
/// A private temporary file, removed when dropped.
/// A private (0600) temporary file. On Unix its name is removed at once,
/// so nothing is left behind even if the process is killed; elsewhere it
/// is removed when dropped.
struct TempFile {
file: Option<std::fs::File>,
path: PathBuf,
@@ -219,14 +238,41 @@ struct TempFile {
impl TempFile {
fn new(prefix: &str) -> Result<TempFile> {
let dir = std::env::temp_dir();
let (file, path) = crate::platform::fs::create_temp(&dir, prefix).map_err(|e| Error::io("create temporary file in", &dir, &e))?;
Ok(TempFile { file: Some(file), path })
loop {
let r: [u8; 8] = crate::rng::os().array();
let path = dir.join(format!("{prefix}{}", crate::store::hex(&r)));
let mut o = std::fs::OpenOptions::new();
o.read(true).write(true).create_new(true);
#[cfg(unix)]
std::os::unix::fs::OpenOptionsExt::mode(&mut o, 0o600);
match o.open(&path) {
Ok(file) => {
#[cfg(unix)]
std::fs::remove_file(&path).map_err(|e| Error::io("remove", &path, &e))?;
return Ok(TempFile { file: Some(file), path });
}
Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => continue,
Err(e) => return Err(Error::io("create temporary file in", &dir, &e)),
}
}
}
fn file(&mut self) -> &mut std::fs::File {
self.file.as_mut().expect("open")
}
/// Stores the `n` bytes written so far as `name`.
fn store(mut self, store: &Store, cat: &mut Catalogue, n: u64, mtime: Instant, name: &VaultName) -> Result<crate::store::Added> {
let f = self.file.as_mut().expect("open");
f.rewind().map_err(|e| Error::io("seek", &self.path, &e))?;
store.add_reader(cat, f, n, 0o600, mtime, name)
}
}
impl Drop for TempFile {
fn drop(&mut self) {
drop(self.file.take());
#[cfg(not(unix))]
let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&self.path);
}
}
@@ -247,30 +293,32 @@ pub fn add_url(
report: &mut dyn FnMut(&VaultName, bool),
) -> Result<()> {
let u = Url::parse(url).map_err(|e| Error::new(format!("{url}: {e}")))?;
let shown = u.redacted();
let mut client = Client::new(limits);
let (fin, mut resp) = client.get(&u, None).map_err(|e| Error::new(format!("{url}: {e}")))?;
let (fin, mut resp) = client.get(&u, None).map_err(|e| Error::new(format!("{shown}: {e}")))?;
if let Some(e) = status_error(&resp) {
crate::bail!("{url}: {e}");
crate::bail!("{shown}: {e}");
}
let mut name = crate::util::base(&fin.path);
if name == "/" || name == "." {
// A path ending in "." or ".." (say from a redirect to /%2e%2e) must
// not climb out of dest.
if matches!(name.as_str(), "/" | "." | ".." | "") {
name = fin.hostname().to_string();
}
let vn = vault_name(dest, &name)?;
if !dest.is_empty() && !vn.as_str().starts_with(&format!("{dest}/")) {
crate::bail!("{shown}: unsafe name {name:?}");
}
let mut tmp = TempFile::new("vault-download-")?;
let f = tmp.file.as_mut().expect("open");
copy_body(&mut resp, f, limits.max_bytes.min(FILE_LIMIT)).map_err(|e| Error::new(format!("{url}: {e}")))?;
if let Some(t) = resp
let (n, r) = copy_body(&mut resp, tmp.file(), limits.max_bytes.min(FILE_LIMIT));
r.map_err(|e| Error::new(format!("{shown}: {e}")))?;
let mtime = resp
.headers()
.get("last-modified")
.and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
.and_then(parse_http_time)
{
let t = Instant { secs: t, nanos: 0 }.to_system();
let _ = f.set_times(std::fs::FileTimes::new().set_accessed(t).set_modified(t));
}
drop(tmp.file.take());
let (added, _) = store.add_file(cat, &tmp.path, &vn)?;
.map_or_else(Instant::now, |secs| Instant { secs, nanos: 0 });
let added = tmp.store(store, cat, n, mtime, &vn)?;
report(&vn, added.replaced);
Ok(())
}
@@ -294,6 +342,12 @@ pub(crate) fn local_path(u: &Url) -> String {
}
/// A page's identity, independent of its fragment (Go's key).
/// Whether a local path stays inside the mirror: no ".", ".." or empty
/// segments (a decoded `%2e%2e` would otherwise climb out).
fn safe_local(local: &str) -> bool {
!local.split('/').any(|s| s.is_empty() || s == "." || s == "..")
}
pub(crate) fn key(u: &Url) -> String {
let mut c = u.clone();
c.clear_fragment();
@@ -370,12 +424,12 @@ pub fn mirror(
match c.one(cat, &u, report) {
Ok(()) => stored += 1,
Err(FetchError::Budget(n)) => {
eprintln!("skipping {u}: the mirror's {n}-byte budget is used up");
eprintln!("skipping {}: the mirror's {n}-byte budget is used up", u.redacted());
skipped += 1 + c.queue.len() as u64;
c.queue.clear();
}
Err(FetchError::Other(e)) => {
eprintln!("skipping {u}: {e}");
eprintln!("skipping {}: {e}", u.redacted());
skipped += 1;
}
}
@@ -407,6 +461,9 @@ impl Crawl<'_> {
fn one(&mut self, cat: &mut Catalogue, u: &Url, report: &mut dyn FnMut(&VaultName, bool)) -> std::result::Result<(), FetchError> {
let local = local_path(u);
if !safe_local(&local) {
return Err(format!("unsafe local name {local:?}").into());
}
let k = key(u);
match self.owners.get(&local) {
Some(owner) if *owner != k => return Err(format!("its local name {local} is already used by {owner}").into()),
@@ -415,6 +472,9 @@ impl Crawl<'_> {
}
}
let name = vault_name(&self.root, &local).map_err(|e| e.msg)?;
if !name.as_str().starts_with(&format!("{}/", self.root)) {
return Err(format!("unsafe local name {local:?}").into());
}
let (fin, mut resp) = self.client.get(u, Some(&self.host))?;
if let Some(e) = status_error(&resp) {
return Err(e.into());
@@ -429,32 +489,38 @@ impl Crawl<'_> {
let added = if is_html || is_css {
let mut body = Vec::new();
let cap = self.budget.min(self.max_text);
let n = copy_body(&mut resp, &mut body, cap).map_err(|e| match e {
FetchError::Budget(_) if cap < self.budget => {
let (n, r) = copy_body(&mut resp, &mut body, cap);
self.budget = self.budget.saturating_sub(n);
r.map_err(|e| match e {
FetchError::Budget(_) if cap < self.budget + n => {
FetchError::Other(format!("larger than the {}-byte limit for pages to rewrite", self.max_text))
}
e => e,
})?;
self.budget -= n;
let body = self.rewrite(&body, is_html, &fin, &local);
let body = self.rewrite(&body, is_html, &fin, &local)?;
self.store
.add_reader(cat, &mut &body[..], body.len() as u64, 0o600, Instant::now(), &name)
.map_err(|e| FetchError::Other(e.msg))?
} else {
let mut tmp = TempFile::new("vault-mirror-").map_err(|e| FetchError::Other(e.msg))?;
let n = copy_body(&mut resp, tmp.file.as_mut().expect("open"), self.budget)?;
self.budget -= n;
drop(tmp.file.take());
self.store.add_file(cat, &tmp.path, &name).map_err(|e| FetchError::Other(e.msg))?.0
let (n, r) = copy_body(&mut resp, tmp.file(), self.budget);
self.budget = self.budget.saturating_sub(n);
r?;
tmp.store(self.store, cat, n, Instant::now(), &name)
.map_err(|e| FetchError::Other(e.msg))?
};
report(&name, added.replaced);
Ok(())
}
/// Rewrites links that point into the mirror, queueing their targets.
fn rewrite(&mut self, body: &[u8], is_html: bool, page: &Url, local: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
/// Refuses a page whose rewritten links would add more than four times
/// the rewrite limit (deeply nested pages multiply every "../").
fn rewrite(&mut self, body: &[u8], is_html: bool, page: &Url, local: &str) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, FetchError> {
let base = std::cell::RefCell::new(page.clone());
let found = std::cell::RefCell::new(Vec::new());
let found = std::cell::RefCell::new((Vec::new(), HashSet::new()));
let added = std::cell::Cell::new(0u64);
let cap = self.max_text.saturating_mul(4);
let host = self.host.clone();
let mut link = |v: &str| -> Option<String> {
let mut l = base.borrow().join(v).ok()?;
@@ -466,31 +532,49 @@ impl Crawl<'_> {
if l.path.is_empty() && l.raw_query.is_empty() {
l = l.join("/").ok()?;
}
let mut r = relative(local, &local_path(&l));
found.borrow_mut().push(l);
let target = local_path(&l);
{
let (list, set) = &mut *found.borrow_mut();
if set.insert(key(&l)) {
// Queued even when unsafe, so it is reported as skipped.
list.push(l);
}
}
if !safe_local(&target) {
return None;
}
let mut r = url::escape_path(&relative(local, &target));
if r.split('/').next().is_some_and(|s| s.contains(':')) {
r.insert_str(0, "./");
}
if !frag.is_empty() {
r.push('#');
r.push_str(&frag);
}
Some(r)
added.set(added.get() + r.len() as u64);
(added.get() <= cap).then_some(r)
};
let out = if is_html {
let mut on_base = |v: &str| -> Option<String> {
let b = base.borrow().join(v).ok()?;
let same = (b.scheme == "http" || b.scheme == "https") && b.host.to_lowercase() == host;
let joined = base.borrow().join(v);
if let Ok(b) = joined {
*base.borrow_mut() = b;
// Point the copy's base at the page itself, so the relative
// links written here resolve as intended.
same.then(|| relative(local, local))
}
// Point the copy's base at the page itself, whatever host it
// named, so the relative links written here resolve offline.
Some(relative(local, local))
};
html::rewrite_html(body, &mut on_base, &mut link)
} else {
html::rewrite_css(body, false, &mut link)
};
for l in found.into_inner() {
if added.get() > cap {
return Err(FetchError::Other(format!("rewriting its links would grow it past {cap} bytes")));
}
for l in found.into_inner().0 {
self.enqueue(l);
}
out
Ok(out)
}
}
@@ -499,7 +583,7 @@ fn proxy_for(u: &Url) -> Option<String> {
let env = |names: &[&str]| names.iter().find_map(|n| std::env::var(n).ok().filter(|v| !v.is_empty()));
let proxy = if u.scheme == "https" {
env(&["HTTPS_PROXY", "https_proxy"])
} else if std::env::var_os("REQUEST_METHOD").is_some() {
} else if std::env::var_os("REQUEST_METHOD").is_some_and(|v| !v.is_empty()) {
None
} else {
env(&["HTTP_PROXY", "http_proxy"])
@@ -511,7 +595,10 @@ fn proxy_for(u: &Url) -> Option<String> {
}
/// Whether `u` should go through a proxy given `no_proxy` (Go's
/// httpproxy semantics).
/// httpproxy semantics). Known differences from Go, all in the direction of
/// using the proxy: IP entries in `NO_PROXY` ignore any port, bracketed
/// IPv6 entries with a port never match, and host names are not
/// IDNA-normalised.
fn use_proxy(u: &Url, no_proxy: &str) -> bool {
let host = u.hostname().to_lowercase();
let port = u.port_or_default();
@@ -519,7 +606,11 @@ fn use_proxy(u: &Url, no_proxy: &str) -> bool {
return false;
}
let ip: Option<std::net::IpAddr> = host.parse().ok();
if ip.is_some_and(|ip| ip.is_loopback()) {
let loopback = |ip: std::net::IpAddr| match ip {
std::net::IpAddr::V6(v6) => v6.to_ipv4_mapped().map_or(v6.is_loopback(), |v4| v4.is_loopback()),
ip => ip.is_loopback(),
};
if ip.is_some_and(loopback) {
return false;
}
for entry in no_proxy.split(',').map(|e| e.trim().to_lowercase()).filter(|e| !e.is_empty()) {
src/net/tests.rs
+115 -9
View File
@@ -142,12 +142,18 @@ fn mirror_with(v: &Vault, url: &str, limits: &Limits) -> MirrorOutcome {
mirror(&v.store, &mut cat, url, "m", limits, &mut |_, _| {}).unwrap()
}
fn temp_leftovers(prefix: &str) -> usize {
std::fs::read_dir(std::env::temp_dir())
.unwrap()
.flatten()
.filter(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().starts_with(prefix))
.count()
/// Staged downloads leave no name behind on Unix (unlinked at creation),
/// and are removed on drop elsewhere — so counting files in the shared
/// temp directory, which other tests use concurrently, is never needed.
#[test]
fn temp_files_leave_nothing_behind() {
let mut t = TempFile::new("vault-test-").unwrap();
let path = t.path.clone();
t.file().write_all(b"plaintext").unwrap();
#[cfg(unix)]
assert!(!path.exists(), "the name should be gone at once");
drop(t);
assert!(!path.exists());
}
#[test]
@@ -220,9 +226,8 @@ fn add_url_limits() {
});
let v = vault();
let mut cat = v.store.catalogue().unwrap();
let before = temp_leftovers("vault-download-");
let small = Limits {
request: Duration::from_millis(500),
request: Duration::from_secs(2),
max_bytes: 4096,
..Limits::add_defaults()
};
@@ -239,7 +244,102 @@ fn add_url_limits() {
assert!(try_add("/big").unwrap_err().msg.contains("exceeds"));
assert_eq!(v.get("long"), b"abc");
assert_eq!(v.names(), ["long"], "nothing else stored");
assert!(temp_leftovers("vault-download-") <= before, "temporary download left behind");
}
/// A redirect to /%2e%2e must not name the download "..", which would
/// replace the folder's parent entry.
#[test]
fn add_url_dot_names_fall_back_to_host() {
let srv = Server::start(|p, _| match p {
"/up" => redirect("/%2e%2e"),
"/.." | "/%2e%2e" => ok("", "dots"),
_ => not_found(),
});
let v = vault();
let mut cat = v.store.catalogue().unwrap();
let mut got = Vec::new();
add_url(&v.store, &mut cat, &srv.url("/up"), "a/b", &Limits::add_defaults(), &mut |n, _| {
got.push(n.to_string())
})
.unwrap();
assert_eq!(got, ["a/b/127.0.0.1"]);
}
/// Bytes received before a failure still count against the mirror budget.
#[test]
fn mirror_charges_failed_downloads() {
let server = Server::start(|p, _| match p {
"/" => ok("text/html", r#"<a href="/1">1</a><a href="/2">2</a>"#),
"/1" => {
let mut b = b"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 100000\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n".to_vec();
b.extend_from_slice(&[b'y'; 2000]);
Reply::Raw(b)
}
"/2" => ok("", &"z".repeat(1000)),
_ => not_found(),
});
let v = vault();
let lim = Limits {
max_bytes: 2500,
..Limits::mirror_defaults()
};
match mirror_with(&v, &server.url("/"), &lim) {
MirrorOutcome::Partial { stored: 1, skipped: 2 } => {}
MirrorOutcome::Partial { stored, skipped } => panic!("stored {stored}, skipped {skipped}"),
MirrorOutcome::Complete { .. } => panic!("truncated body not charged"),
}
}
/// Links that decode to "." or ".." segments never escape the mirror's
/// folder, and rewritten links are escaped.
#[test]
fn mirror_refuses_escaping_paths() {
let srv = Arc::new(std::sync::OnceLock::<String>::new());
let s2 = Arc::clone(&srv);
let server = Server::start(move |p, _| {
let h = s2.get().unwrap().trim_start_matches("http:").to_string();
match p {
"/" => ok(
"text/html",
&format!(r#"<a href="/%2e%2e/x">a</a><a href="{h}/..%2f..%2fq">b</a><a href="/a%3Fb">c</a><a href="/c:d">d</a>"#),
),
"/a%3Fb" | "/c:d" => ok("", "fine"),
_ => ok("", "should never be stored"),
}
});
srv.set(server.url("")).unwrap();
let v = vault();
let out = mirror_with(&v, &server.url("/"), &Limits::mirror_defaults());
assert!(matches!(out, MirrorOutcome::Partial { stored: 3, skipped: 2 }), "{:?}", v.names());
let h = &server.addr;
for n in v.names() {
assert!(n.starts_with(&format!("m/{h}/")), "stored outside the mirror: {n}");
}
let index = String::from_utf8(v.get(&format!("m/{h}/index.html"))).unwrap();
assert!(index.contains(r#"href="a%3Fb""#), "{index}");
assert!(index.contains(r#"href="./c:d""#), "{index}");
assert!(index.contains(r#"href="/%2e%2e/x""#), "unsafe links are left as they were: {index}");
}
/// A deeply nested page full of links to the root cannot make the rewrite
/// balloon: past four times the rewrite limit, the page is skipped.
#[test]
fn mirror_bounds_rewrite_growth() {
let deep = format!("/{}p.html", "d/".repeat(40));
let page = format!("<style>{}</style>", "a{b:url(/)}".repeat(80));
let server = Server::start(move |p, _| match p {
"/" => ok("text/html", "root"),
_ => ok("text/html", &page),
});
let v = vault();
let lim = Limits {
max_text: 1000,
..Limits::mirror_defaults()
};
assert!(matches!(
mirror_with(&v, &server.url(&deep), &lim),
MirrorOutcome::Partial { stored: 0, skipped: 1 }
));
}
/// Go's TestMirror: links in HTML and CSS become relative, off-host links
@@ -398,6 +498,12 @@ fn proxy_rules() {
assert!(!use_proxy(&u("http://localhost:8080/"), ""));
assert!(!use_proxy(&u("http://127.0.0.1/"), ""));
assert!(!use_proxy(&u("http://[::1]/"), ""));
assert!(!use_proxy(&u("http://[::ffff:127.0.0.1]/"), ""));
assert_eq!(
u("http://user:secret@h/x").redacted(),
"http://h/x",
"credentials stay out of messages"
);
assert!(use_proxy(&u("http://example.com/"), "other.com"));
assert!(!use_proxy(&u("http://example.com/"), "example.com"));
assert!(!use_proxy(&u("http://a.example.com/"), "example.com"));
src/net/url.rs
+13
View File
@@ -54,6 +54,12 @@ fn should_escape(c: u8, mode: Mode) -> bool {
true
}
/// Percent-escapes `s` for use as a URL path, as Go's `PathEscape` does
/// within a path (slashes kept).
pub fn escape_path(s: &str) -> String {
escape(s, Mode::Path)
}
fn escape(s: &str, mode: Mode) -> String {
let mut o = String::with_capacity(s.len());
for &c in s.as_bytes() {
@@ -303,6 +309,13 @@ impl Url {
u
}
/// The URL without userinfo, for messages.
pub fn redacted(&self) -> String {
let mut c = self.clone();
c.user = None;
c.to_string()
}
pub fn clear_fragment(&mut self) {
self.fragment.clear();
self.raw_fragment.clear();